Edwin M. Truman, senior fellow since 2001, served as assistant secretary of the US Treasury for International Affairs from December 1998 to January 2001. He directed the Division of International Finance of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System from 1977 to 1998. From 1983 to 1998, he was one of three economists on the staff of the Federal Open Market Committee.

Truman has been a member of numerous international groups working on economic and financial issues, including the Financial Stability Forum's Working Group on Highly Leveraged Institutions (1999–2000), G-22 Working Party on Transparency and Accountability (1998), G-10-sponsored Working Party on Financial Stability in Emerging Market Economies (1996–97), G-10 Working Group on the Resolution of Sovereign Liquidity Crises (1995–96), and G-7 Working Group on Exchange Market Intervention (1982–83). Truman has also been a visiting economics lecturer at Amherst College and a visiting economics professor at Williams College. He has published on international monetary economics, international debt problems, economic development, and European economic integration. He is the author, coauthor, or editor of Reforming the IMF for the 21st Century (2006), A Strategy for IMF Reform (2006), Chasing Dirty Money: The Fight Against Money Laundering (2004), and Inflation Targeting in the World Economy (2003).